Contraception and infertility - Treatment considerations

12 important questions on Contraception and infertility - Treatment considerations

Because it takes 7 days of hormonal pills to reach contraceptive efficacy, back up is needed for 7 days, UNLESS what?

COC is started within 5 days after the period started

If 1 late or missed pill (<48 hrs since last dose), is back up needed?

No.

Acne or hirsutism patient

COC with:
progestin with lower androgenic activity [norgestimate (Sprintec 28)] or no androgenic activity [drospirenone (Yaz, Yasmin)]
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Patient with estrogen contraindication (including clotting risk)

POP or nonhormonal method

Migraine WITH AURA patient

POP or nonhormonal method

Patient with fluid retention/bloating

Choose product with drospirenone

Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) patient

COC: Natazia
LNG IUD: Mirena
(COCs with only 4 placebo, instead of 7, OR continuous/extended cycles will minimize bleeding time)

Mood changes/disorder patient

Use monophasic COC - extended cycle or continuous with drospirenone is preferred

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) patient

Choose product with drospirenone (Yaz).
SSRI may be needed

Spotting "breakthrough bleeding" from too low estrogen

Early or mid cycle- increase estrogen dose
Later in cycle- increase progestin dose
[common when starting extended cycle or continuous; resolves 3-6 mo]
[when starting conventional forms, wait 3 cycles before switching]

If spotting "breakthrough bleeding" from too low estrogen PERSISTS

Currently taking <30 mcg estrogen daily: increase estrogen
Currently taking >/= 30 mcg estrogen daily: try different progestin

If patient wants to avoid monthly cycles/menses

Extended (91 day) or continuous forms
Alt: monophasic 28 day + skip placebo pills

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