When borders don't matter: development and global culture - North and South, rich and poor - Postcolonial economies
5 important questions on When borders don't matter: development and global culture - North and South, rich and poor - Postcolonial economies
What led the Americans to invest in rebuilding Western Europe and Japan after WW II? What about elsewhere in the world?
- At the end of World War II, a mixture of altruism, support for democracy, and fear of Soviet intentions led the Americans to invest in the rebuilding of Western Europe and Japan.
- Elsewhere in the postwar world, levels of American assistance were prioritized on the basis of whether or not the aid would strengthen anticommunist governments, even if those governments repudiated or paid mere lip service to democratic principles.
What was done after Europe and Japan rebounded? What was hoped?
- Once Western Europe and Japan had rebounded, however, Western government agencies and private lending institutions offered modest levels of direct aid and loans to developing states.
- The hope was that the resulting infrastructure projects, educational facilities, and agricultural improvements would stimulate domestic economic development and permit the receiving states to meet their obligations in a timely manner.
What was needed for a country to develop?
- The development model that had been so successful in rebuilding postwar Europe and Japan, involving a rapid infusion of technical assistance and investment, and aimed at specific projects such as roads, buildings, and power plants, was not transferable to most of the postcolonial world.
- Poor countries simply lacked the political and intellectual assets - including an established rule of law, a skilled workforce, an established business sector, and a competent government - that were needed before significant development could take place.
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What camp did most colonies of Europe choose? Why?
- The vast majority of Europe's former colonies remained squarely within the camp of the Western capitalist system.
- Most newly independent states and their Western-educated leaders refrained from interfering with the property and investments of their former overlords, opting instead to allow for continuing access to resources and cheap labor in the expectation that export earnings would hasten the development of a diversified domestic economy.
- Political independence was a significant achievement, but new states needed overseas markets for their primary commodities, and long-established trade relationships with the West provided the logical starting point.
Who benefited most from the ongoing relationship between colony and colonizer?
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