Summary: Anatomy-Anterior Thigh

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• 1 Anatomy-Anterior Thigh

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• What are the origins of the pectineus muscle?

  • Anterior: Pubic bone
  • Posterior: Femur (pectineal line)
  • Functions: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the thigh

• What is the function of the deep veins in the leg?

  • Return blood to the heart.
  • Accompany arteries.
  • Popliteal vein becomes the femoral vein.
  • External iliac vein is formed.

• What is the function of the psoas major muscle?

  • Flexes the hip
  • Origin: T12-L5 vertebrae
  • Inserts: Lesser trochanter of the femur

• What is the femoral artery and how does it branch?

  • Continuation of the external iliac artery.
  • Passes through the femoral triangle.
  • Branches:
    1. Deep artery of thigh.
    2. Medial circumflex femoral artery.
    3. Lateral circumflex femoral artery.
    4. Perforating arteries.

• Describe the location and function of superficial inguinal nodes.

  • Located in superficial fascia.
  • Receive lymph from saphenous vein region.
  • Drain to external iliac nodes.

• What is the action of the iliacus muscle?

  • Flexes the hip
  • Origin: Iliac fossa, iliac crest, sacrum
  • Inserts: Lesser trochanter of the femur

• What is the lumbar plexus composed of?

  • Anterior rami of nerve roots L1-L4
  • Forms part of the lumbar plexus

• Describe the great saphenous vein.

  • Formed by the union of dorsal vein of great toe.
  • Ascends anterior to medial malleolus.
  • Passes posterior to the medial condyle of the femur.

• What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

  • Superior: Inguinal ligament.
  • Medial: Medial border of adductor longus.
  • Lateral: Sartorius.

• Where does the sartorius muscle insert?

  • Medial side of tibia
  • Inserts on pes anserinus
  • Longest muscle in the body