Define spermatogenesis and oogenesis and then compare and contrast them in humans - My lesson notes

16 important questions on Define spermatogenesis and oogenesis and then compare and contrast them in humans - My lesson notes

What does spermatogenesis produce daily?

Millions of motile sperm daily from puberty throughout life.

How many sperm are produced from each diploid precursor cell in spermatogenesis?

Four small, motile sperm from each diploid precursor cell.

What type of meiosis does spermatogenesis use?

Symmetric meiosis is used in spermatogenesis.
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How many oocytes mature per menstrual cycle?

Usually one oocyte maturing per menstrual cycle.

What does one diploid spermatogonium produce?

One diploid spermatogonium produces 4 functional sperm.

What is the cytokinesis outcome in spermatogenesis?

Cytokinesis is roughly equal, so all four become viable sperm.

What does one diploid oogonium produce?

One diploid oogonium produces 1 functional ovum + 2–3 polar bodies.

What is the cytokinesis outcome in oogenesis?

Cytokinesis is highly unequal; almost all cytoplasm goes into a single large egg.

Describe the size and function of sperm.

Small, motile, streamlined; function is to deliver haploid nucleus to the egg.

Describe the size and function of an egg (ovum).

Large, non-motile, full of cytoplasm; function is to provide nucleus + nutrients + organelles.

How is spermatogenesis characterized in terms of continuity?

Continuous once started in spermatogenesis.

What are the long arrests in oogenesis?

Primary oocytes pause in prophase I from fetal life until puberty.

When does the secondary oocyte pause?

Pauses in metaphase II and only completes meiosis II if fertilized.

What are the two forms of gametogenesis?

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis produce haploid gametes by meiosis.

What does each oogonium produce?

Produces only one large, nutrient-rich egg plus polar bodies.

What is the cytokinesis outcome in oogenesis?

Cytokinesis is unequal due to long meiotic arrests.

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