Nitrogen cycle

21 important questions on Nitrogen cycle

What is the functional gene of ammonia oxidation?

AmoA

What is the functional gene of nitrite reduction?

NirS

What is the functional gene of nitrous oxide reduction?

NosZ
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What is the functional gene of nitrite oxidation?

NxrB

What are we measuring in the ammonia oxidation assay?

Decrease in NH₄⁺ and the increase of NO₂⁻

What are we measuring in the nitrite oxidation assay?

Decrease in NO₂⁻ and the increase of NO₃⁻

What is an electron acceptor?

A compound that takes up electrons and decreases its oxidation state

What is an electron acceptor?

A compound that releases electrons and increases is oxidation state

How can we calculate the oxidation state of a compound?

By substracting the OS of the surrounding atoms of the charge of the compound

What is nitrogen fixation?

The reduction of N2 gas into ammonia via nitrogenase

What is nitrigen assimilation?

The assimilation of inorganic nitrogen, like nitrate or ammonium into organic nitrogen-containing compounds

What do partial redox reactions refer to?

The individual half-reactions that occur during an overall redox reaction

What is methane oxidation?

A process where methane is converted into CO2 (and water)

How is the nitrogen cycle relevant?

As agricultural fertilizer, ammonium fertilizer and in eutrophication

What are anammox bacteria?

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria that can form nitrogen gas from ammonium and nitrite or nitrate

What is dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA)

The result of anaerobic respiration using nitrate as an electron acceptor and reducing it to nitrite first and then to ammonium

What genes are highle sensitive to oxygen?

The nif genes involved in nitrogen fixation

What is the main pathway by which ammonium is integrated into organic molecules?

The Glutamine Synthase-Glutamate Synthase Pathway (GS-GOGAT)

What is the role of Glutamate dehydrogenase in nitrogen assimilation?

The catalyzation of the conversion of glutamate to α-ketoglutarate and ammonia

Of what two enzymes does the GS-GOGET pathway consist?

Glutamine synthetase and Glutamate synthase

What is the role of the GS-GOGET pathway in nitrogen assimilation?

It converts ammonium into amino acids, which are building blocks for proteins and other nitrogen-containing compounds

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