Learning Goal - My lesson notes - cocca
29 important questions on Learning Goal - My lesson notes - cocca
Classification of staphylococcus aureus
GS: gram (+)
MR: cocci in grape-like clusters
MT: nonmotile
AR: facultative anaerobe
Toxic shock syndrome toxin - 1
- commonly attributed to the prolonged usage of tampons during menstruation
- present with fever, hypotension, rash
Characteristic of Streptococcus pyogenes
- opportunistic pathogen
- Beta hemolytic (make the area clear = completely destroy red blood cells)
- catalase (-)
- facultative anaerobic
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Classification Streptococcus pyogenes
MR: Cocci in chains
MT: nonmotile
AR: facultative anaerobe
Reservoir of Streptococcus pyogenes
indigenous microbiota
Transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes
indirect contact thru fomites (non living things)
Virulence factors of Streptococcus pyogenes
- Erythrogenic toxin
- Streptolysin O
- Exotoxin B
- M protein
- fibrinolysin (streptokinase) - when surrounded, it produce to break down
Virulence factors of streptococcus pyogenes (toxins)
- Erythrogenic toxin (scarlet fever)
- Streptolysin O (pharyngitis) or (tonsillitis)
- Exotoxin B (necrotizing fasciitis) - infection for muscle
- M protein (streptococcal pharyngitis sequelae) - consequence after getting tonsillitis
- Exotoxin B (necrotizing fasciitis - flesh eating disease)
Type of a disease that produces an autoimmune response to the proteins found on the joint, heart and brain thru MOLECULAR MIMICRY
What organ does the Rheumatic Fever focuses to target
A disease that M protein incites immune complex deposition on renal tubules
What organ does the post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis focuses on
Characteristic of streptococcus pneumonia
alpha hemolytic (makes the surrounding to become green)
sensitive to optochin (antibiotic)
catalase (-)
Classification of Streptococcus pneumonia
MR: "lancet shaped" diplococci
MT: nonmotile
AR: facultative anaerobe
O: encapsulated (surrounded by capsule)
Disease that can get of streptococcus pneumonia
- Pneumonia - inflammation of lung parenchyma wherein the air sacs may be filled with fluid or pus thus impeding gas exchange
- Otitis media - infection of middle ear
- Bacterial Meningitis - infection of meninges
- Sinusitis - most common in maxillary and frontal sinuses
Prevention of having streptococcus pneumonia
Characteristics of Streptococcus Viridans
Alpha Hemolytic or
Non-Hemolytic
CATALASE (+)
Does not grow on bile
RESISTANT TO OPTOCHIN
Reservoir of streptococcus viridian (MTCF)
Virulence factor of streptococcus viridans
Biofilm - organic matter that prevents antibiotics from penetrating
disease of streptoccocus viridian that this will bind to the heart valves and the different tissues
Disease of streptococcus viridans that organic matter will prevents antibiotics from penetrating
Classification of neisseria gonorrhoeae
MR: Kidney bean shaped diplococci
MT: nonmotile
AR: microaerophilic
O: with pili
Diseases that can get of Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Gonorrhea
- An STI involving mucosal lining of GUT, rectum,
- pharynx that may present with
- painful urination and vaginal/penile discharge
- Ophthalmia neonatorum
- conjunctivitis of the newborn as a result of exposure to gonococcus in the birth canal - that's why at birth babies' eyes are giving Gentamicin to prevent this.
This medicine gives for the birth babies that have Ophthalmia neonatorum to prevent this
Classification of Neisseria meningitidis
MR: Kidney bean shaped diplococci
MT: nonmotile
AR: aerobic
O: encapsulated and with pili
Transmission of Neisseria meningitidis
high carriage state in close quarters (military, dorms, camps)
Virulence factor of Neisseria meningitidi
endotoxin
Diseases that can get of Neisseria meningitidis
- infection of the meningitis and may spread to the brain; presents with fever, neck rigidity, vomiting & altered consciousness or coma
Meningococcemia
- dissemination of meningococci in bloodstream
spread all over the blood - Starts with nasopharyngitis → ecchymotic hemorrhages (skin bruising)
Prevention of Neisseria meningitidis
Prophylaxis for those exposed HCWs
vigorous supportive care
meningococcal vaccine
assess neurologic signs
strict aseptic technique, isolation is necessary
check that the patients are sleepy
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