Case 8; behaviour
12 important questions on Case 8; behaviour
If you pose scientific questions on behaviour, it is important to know the direction in which you are seeking the answer. A distinction is made between?
2. Ultimate questions
Which 3 internal mechanisms are essential for proper functioning of an animal?
2. All the physiological and behavioural activities that an animal can undertake and that allow it to influence its own environment in a specific manner
3. The neuroendocrine system that combines the sense and mother coordination into a whole
What are the 4 central questions for properly understanding behaviour (4 why's of Tinbergen)?
2. How do behaviours develop in individuals (ontogeny;development)
3. What is the adaptive value of the behaviour (function; survival value)
4. How has it arisen and adapted through evolution
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What are the 4 central questions for properly understanding behaviour (4 why's of Tinbergen)?
2. How do behaviours develop in individuals (ontogeny;development)
3. What is the adaptive value of the behaviour (function; survival value)
4. How has it arisen and adapted through evolution
Behavioural repertoire (ethogram)
= a complete, structured list of all the behavioural elements of a species, with detailed descriptions to ensure objectivity in observation- is formed by (combining) fairly fixed behaviours, postures, movements or noises, called behavioural elements
- it is essential to describe each behavioural element to be observed so that others can repeat precisely what has been measured and understand why
Which 4 different observation methods are there (sampling rule)
2. Focal animal sampling
3. Scan sampling
4. Behaviour sampling
When measuring behaviour, it is important to distinguish which two types of behaviours, which 2?
2. Momentary activities -> These are behaviours of relatively brief duration (yawning and biting, which can be easily missed)
What can you tell me about focal animal sampling?
- suited for investigating the social behaviour of animals
What can you tell me about continuous recording?
- the duration, frequency, sequence of elements and distribution over time of each behavioural element can be determined accurately
- intensive observation, takes up lot of time
- usually done in combination with focal animal sampling
What can you tell me about sample-wise recording (time sample)
- advantages: the behaviour of different animals can be recorded in a single protocol and a large amount of data can be collected in a brief period
- 2 sampling methods:
1. Instantaneous sampling
2. One-zero sample
What is one-zero sample?
A researcher is interested in the fighting behaviour in cats. Which obervation method can this observer use best?
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