Case 1; Egg
25 important questions on Case 1; Egg
The dimensions of animals' egg cells vary widely from species to species; this variation is linked to...
- The size and shape of egg cells in animals differ significantly among species, and this diversity is associated with the amount of yolk present. - Yolk serves as a nutrient source for the developing embryo, and variations in yolk quantity impact embryonic development and the reproductive strategies of different species
What are oligolecithal egg cells?
- Moderate/little yolk quantity.
- Yolk is concentrated at one pole of the egg.
- Common in organisms undergoing meroblastic (partial) cleavage.
What are telolecithal egg cells?
- Yolk is unevenly distributed, often concentrated at one pole.
- A rather small quantity of cytoplasm collected at one pole
- Typically observed in organisms with meroblastic cleavage.
- Applies to certain insects, fish, reptiles and birds
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What is a germinal spot?
- is structured and incorporate in such a way that it always faces upwards, irrespective of the egg's position
What can you tell me about the white of the egg?
- protective function:
-> elastic, cushions impact, and insulates
-> mechanical and chemical protection
- chemical protection -> certain substances have an antibacterial effect
What can you tell me about the egg shell?
- shell is porous -> so that gas exchange between embryo and environment is possible
- shell is covered on the outside by thin layer -> the cuticula
Wich 4 proteins occur in egg white?
2. Ovomucoid (13%) -> are glycoproteins, or poteins bonded to carbohydrate. Stabilise the egg white foam
3. Ovomucin (7%) -> are glycoproteins, or poteins bonded to carbohydrate. Stabilise the egg white foam
4. Ovoglobulin -> contributes to beining able to beat egg white into a foam
What can you tell me about the shape of the egg
- round, cylindrical, pointed, pear-shaped (etc.)
- shape index (72-76)
-> used to assess the shape quantitatively
-> (proportion of the width / the length of the egg) x 100
Wich factors can lead to a decline in shell thickness?
2. calcium deficiency in the feed
3. stress
4. disease
5. medications
6. large eggs during the last part of the laying
What can you tell me about the colour of the yolk?
Which factors determine the occurrence of blood in an egg?
2. Age of the hen
3. Hereditary predisposition
- brown eggs reveal more blood traces then white eggs
What are 3 factors that influence the end of the laying cycle?
-> hormone prolactin plays a role
-> largely genetic determined, but also dependent on temperature, light regime and opportunity to build a nest
2. Moulting -> falling out of old and growth of new feathers
-> moulting period is a type of physiological resting phase or pause in the laying
-> the thyroid hormone plays a role
3. Shortage of essential nutritiens for egg production through reduction of reserves in the body
Laying in the first period (first ovulation to start of regular laying) comes with some irregularrities, which 5?
2. Poduction of wind eggs
3. Production of double yolks
4. Irrregular production with long intervals between the eggs
5. Production of yolks not captured by infundibulum -> internal laying
What can you tell me about the scale of the egg?
- is white or brown, depending on the species
- shell colour does not influence quality, cooking characteristics or nutritional value
What can you tell me about the yolk membrane?
What can you tell me about the air chamber in the egg?
- caused by shrinking of the egg contents as a result of cooling after laying
- increases in size as the egg ages
What can you tell me about the shell membrane?
- these form a protective barrier against penetrating bacteria
- the air chamber forms between these to membranes
What can you tell me about the thin egg white?
- surounds the thick egg white of a quality egg
What can you tell me about the thick egg white?
- stands up higher and spreads less than the thin in quality eggs
- it becomes thinner and more watery and less distinguishable from the thing egg white with eggs of lowe quality
What is the best known duck laying breed?
- lays approximately 300 eggs per year, each weighing around 70 grams
How many chicken eggs were produced + consumed in 2010?
- consumed approximately 3.0 billion eggs, that is approximately 185 eggs per person per year
What is the oldest chicken (oerkip) + what can you tell me about it?
- 25-24 weeks of laying period (normal eggs), before 25 weeks abnormal eggs
- lays around 300 eggs per year
What is the composition of an egg?
34% dry matter
23% organic matter -> 12% protein, 10% fat, 1% carbohydrates
11% inorganic matter
At what age does the laying period of a hen begins + ends?
At what age does the laying period of a hen begin and end?
What are the 3 factors affecting the end of the laying cycle?
2. Moulting = failing out of old and growth of new feathers
2. Shortage of essential nutrients = reduction in calcium could lead to a halt
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