Epidemiology and Public Health - Examples of Pandemics: HIV/AIDS, Cholera and Influenca

5 important questions on Epidemiology and Public Health - Examples of Pandemics: HIV/AIDS, Cholera and Influenca

What was discovered in 1981 in the US and led to approximately 650,000 deaths?

- __HIV/AIDS__ was discovered in 1981 in the US
- 1.2 million infected, with approximately 50% of them resulting in 650,000 __deaths__.

How was HIV/AIDS found to be transmitted based on prevalence in demographic groups?

- Scientists found out that it was body __fluids__ that transmitted the disease.

Why is Cholera often found in developing countries, and when do epidemics often happen?

- __Cholera__ is a waterborne infection often found in developing countries due to inadequate __water__ treatment.
- Epidemics often happen with __natural disasters__ (e.g., Haiti 2010).
- There have been 7 consecutive pandemics since __1817__.
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What causes Influenza pandemics to occur every 10-40 years?

- Influenza pandemics occur every 10-40 years due to __antigenic drift__ and antigenic __shift__.
- Notable events include H1N1 in 1918, infecting 500 million people.
- H1N1 in 2009 was a __reassortant virus__.
- Future pandemics like H1N1 1918 are considered __unlikely__.
- No immunity exists except through __vaccinations__ or infections.

What method is essential for developing immunity against future Influenza pandemics like H1N1 1918?

- Developing immunity requires receiving __vaccinations__ or experiencing infections.
- Future pandemics like H1N1 1918 are considered __unlikely__ to reoccur.

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