Summary: Chapter 2 Carbohydrates Bmb
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1 Chapter 2 Carbohydrates BMB
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What are carbohydrates and their primary role?
Carbohydrates are the polyhydroxyaldehydes or ketones, or compounds which produce them on hydrolysis. They are the major dietary energy sources, besides their involvement in cell structure and various other functions. -
What is the simplest carbohydrate and its significance?
Glyceraldehyde (triose) is the simplest carbohydrate and is chosen as a reference to write the configuration of all other monosaccharides (D- and L- forms). -
Where is chondroitin sulfate distributed in the body?
Cartilage, bone, skin, blood vessel walls -
What is hyaluronic acid composed of?
Hyaluronic acid is composed of alternate units of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl D-glucosamine. -
What is the role of hyaluronidase in fertilization?
Hyaluronidase clears the gel (hyaluronic acid) around the ovum allowing a better penetration of sperm into the ovum. -
What is D-Glucose and its significance?
D-Glucose is the most important naturally occurring aldohexose/monosaccharide. Glucose exists as α and β anomers with different optical rotations. -
What are mucopolysaccharides and where are they predominantly found?
Mucopolysaccharides are essential components of tissue structure, predominantly composed of GAG, found in the extracellular spaces of tissue. -
What reactions do monosaccharides participate in?
Monosaccharides participate in oxidation, reduction, dehydration, osazone formation, etc. Formation of esters and glycosides by monosaccharides is of special significance in biochemical reactions. -
What is the structural composition of chondroitin 4-sulfate?
Chondroitin 4-sulfate consists of repeating disaccharide units composed of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl D-galactosamine 4-sulfate. -
What is the role of hyaluronic acid in the body?
Hyaluronic acid serves as a lubricant and shock absorbant in joints.
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