Summary: Chemistry
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1.2 Powerpoints
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What is the molecular formula of a compound?
- Represents the number of each type of atom.
- Consists of elemental symbols and subscripts.
- Illustrates the actual composition of the compound.
- Example: H2O shows 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
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What occupies the volume around the nucleus?
The volume around the nucleus is taken by:
- Orbiting electrons -
What helps the atom remain stable?
The core helps the atom remain stable. -
How can electron density in shells change?
Electron density can change by:
- Gaining or losing electrons -
What happens to electrons in terms of charge?
Electrons can be:- Lost or added
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How do electrons in the outer shell relate to bonds?
Electrons determine the number of bonds:- Electrons in outer shell explain bonding capacity
- Lone pairs do not bind
- Lone pairs affect 3D structure
- Molecules can be formed
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What is the bonding characteristic of lone pairs?
Lone pairs:- Usually do not bind to other elements
- Influence 3D molecular structure
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Provide the molecular formula for acetylene.
Acetylene is represented as:- C2H2
- A hydrocarbon with 2 carbon atoms
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What is a common structure of carbon in 3D molecules?
Tetrahedral structure leads to various shapes:- Halogens
- Hydrogen
- Simplified representations
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What are halogens/hydrogen?
- Group 17 elements in the periodic table.
- Include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
- Highly reactive nonmetals.
- Hydrogen is a separate element, not a halogen.
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