Summary: Chemistry

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  • 1.2 Powerpoints

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  • What is the molecular formula of a compound?

    • Represents the number of each type of atom.
    • Consists of elemental symbols and subscripts.
    • Illustrates the actual composition of the compound.
    • Example: H2O shows 2 hydrogen, 1 oxygen.
  • What occupies the volume around the nucleus?

    The volume around the nucleus is taken by:
    - Orbiting electrons
  • What helps the atom remain stable?

    The core helps the atom remain stable.
  • How can electron density in shells change?

    Electron density can change by:
    - Gaining or losing electrons
  • What happens to electrons in terms of charge?

    Electrons can be:
    • Lost or added
  • How do electrons in the outer shell relate to bonds?

    Electrons determine the number of bonds:
    • Electrons in outer shell explain bonding capacity
    • Lone pairs do not bind
    • Lone pairs affect 3D structure
    • Molecules can be formed
  • What is the bonding characteristic of lone pairs?

    Lone pairs:
    • Usually do not bind to other elements
    • Influence 3D molecular structure
  • Provide the molecular formula for acetylene.

    Acetylene is represented as:
    • C2H2
    • A hydrocarbon with 2 carbon atoms
  • What is a common structure of carbon in 3D molecules?

    Tetrahedral structure leads to various shapes:
    • Halogens
    • Hydrogen
    • Simplified representations
  • What are halogens/hydrogen?

    • Group 17 elements in the periodic table.
    • Include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine.
    • Highly reactive nonmetals.
    • Hydrogen is a separate element, not a halogen.

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