Austria - The Growing Environment and Grape Growing - Grape Varieties
7 important questions on Austria - The Growing Environment and Grape Growing - Grape Varieties
What are the main (native) plantings of Austria?
- Grüner veltliner 31%
- Zweigelt 14%
- Welschriesling
- Blaufrankisch
- Riesling
- Weissburgunder
Give the characteristics of Grüner Veltliner and where it can be found?
- 32% of all plantings in Austria
- prefers wetter soils; clay and loess to retain water
- Late ripening, productive, hardy thick skins; canopy mngt necessary
- skins contain chemical compound giving peppery aroma - characteristic of GV
- m/h acidity, normally not oaked. Simple to complex.
Give the characteristics of Welschriesling in Austria.
- Welschriesling; 2nd most planted white
- high acidity, neutral aromas, ripens late
- needs warm, nutrient rich soils
- mainly found in Steiermark; fresh,neutral, unoaked dry wines
- also in Burgenland around Neusiedlersee for sweet wines TBA and BA with noble rot; tropical aromas, dried fruit, ageing in bottle very good to outstanding.
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Explain the style of Riesling in Austria.
- Riesling; 4% only
- Important in Niederösterreich; Wachau, Kremstal, Kamptal - here 2nd most planted white variety
- On warmer sites, needs less water
- Almost always dry; full bodied, m abv, ripe stone fruit and sometimes tropical fruit, high acidity, can age 10-20 years then nutty, honey and petrol.
What is Austria's most planted black variety? Where can it be found and what are the characteristics?
- Zweigelt; most planted black variety, 14% of total
- Blaufränkisch x St Laurent crossing
- Bit of Blaufrankisch + weight & body from St Laurent
- Ripens early, high yield, vigorous
- Widely planted; ripens easy and not susceptible to frost or rot
- m/m+ acidity m tannins, red cherry/red fruit dominant, easy unoaked but also full bodied oaked with potential for ageing
- 2nd most planted grape overall
- Mainly in Burgenland and Niederösterreich
- Deep colour, soft tannins, bramble fruit
What is Austria's 2nd planted black variety? What are the characteristics?
- Blaufränkisch/ Kekfrankos (5.5%)
- Buds early, ripens late, needs warm climate -> only found in Burgenland (Neusiedlersee)
- Thick skin, buds early, ripens late, high yields
- Med tannins, hi acidity + sour cherry flavours, suited for oak ageing
- DAC Leithaberg and DAC Mittelburgenland; pronounced black fruit, spicy oak character, high tannins
Sankt Laurent is the parent of the Zweigelt variety in Austria, what are the characteristics?
- Sankt Laurent: Long thought to be Pinot Noir:
- pale colour, lo tannins, cherry fruit, early ripening
- Lo yields -> velvety, concentrated reds oak-friendly
- Can be blended w Cab Sauv, Pinot Noir, Blaufrankisch or Zweigelt
- Long established Austrian variety
- Well adapted to Lower Austria & Burgenland, esp. northern shores of Neusiedlersee
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