Firms and production - Theory of the firm

5 important questions on Firms and production - Theory of the firm

What is the primary goal of consumers and producers according to the theory of the firm?

  • Consumers aim to maximize utility.
  • Producers convert inputs into outputs to:
  • - Minimize costs.
  • - Maximize profits.

What is the primary concern for firms, according to the notes?

  • Firms focus on profit making.
  • Profit is calculated as revenue minus cost.
  • Revenue is price multiplied by quantity (revenue = price x quantity).

What are the three types of firms and examples mentioned?

  1. Private (e.g., Toyota).
  2. Public (e.g., NZ Post).
  3. Not for profit (e.g., Red Cross).
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How can a firm maximize profit based on the notes?

  • To maximize profit, a firm must be efficient.
  • Efficiency involves using the minimum inputs for the maximum output.
  • There is a sweetspot for profit maximization beyond efficiency.

Describe the different legal forms of organization for firms.

1. Sole proprietorship:
  • Owned by a single person.
  • - Liable for all aspects.
2. General partnership:
  • Joint ownership.
  • - At least two people liable jointly.
3. Corporation:
  • Owned by shareholders.
  • - Liability depends on stock held.
  • - Owners have limited liability (LLC).

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