Summary: Food Related Allergies And Intolerances (Biochemical Aspects)

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• 1 Classifications, definitions and general causes of adverse reactions

• 1.2 General Classification

• How can you classify adverse reactions?

  • Aversion
    
  • Non-toxic response
  • Toxic response

• Give examples of aversion, non-toxic response and toxic response

  • Aversion --> child disliking his/her food
    
  • Non-toxic response --> allergies and intolerances
  • Toxic response --> food poisoning (heavy metals, pathogenic micro-organisms)

• What is the difference between a non-toxic and toxic response?

  Non-toxic is person related, whereas toxicity reactions apply to all.

• 1.3 Food Aversion

• What are symptoms of food aversion?

  Nausea, sickness and gastrointestinal comfort. All symptoms are psychosomatic. Extreme manifestations are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.

• What is orthorexia nervosa?

  An obsessive focus on specific foods, often marketed as super of healthy foods. By avoiding certain foods, a severe imbalance in the diet can occur.

• 1.4 Food Poisoning

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• What is the severity of food poising related to?

  To exposure: the frequency and dose of ingestion

• Why does the presence of pesticides have to be monitored?

  The problem of misuse, make it necessary to monitor continuously, e.g. Aldicarb spraying on watermelons.

• In which foods was ethylene oxide present?

  Sesame seeds and hydrocolloids

• How can heavy metals end up in the food?

  • Contact of the food with improper packaging material or storage containers
    
  • Rare cases. During primary production process, e.g. Cows eating grass contaminated with mercury

• How can endogenous natural toxins end up in food?

  By incomplete processing. Plant foods, e.g. Beans have to be cooked to inactivate the toxins.