Summary: Grade 8 Human Reproduction
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1 Grade 8 human reproduction
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What happens in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle?
- Matured egg follicle releases an egg
- Uterus preparation begins
- Starts another pregnancy preparation
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What event begins the menstrual cycle in females?
- Begins with puberty
- Continues until late 40s
- Menopause may occur
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What occurs during the ovulatory phase?
- Mid-cycle phase
- Ovulation takes place (days 13-17)
- End of follicular phase defines fertilization period
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What is an egg cell?
- A female gamete.
- Contains nucleus, cytoplasm.
- Surrounded by cell membrane.
- Has follicle cells and zone pellucida.
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How long does each menstrual cycle last?
- Approximately 28 days
- Starts with uterine lining shedding
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Describe the luteal phase in the menstrual cycle.
- Post-ovulation phase
- Fate of corpus luteum decided
- Fertilization: pregnancy starts; otherwise, cycle restarts
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What are the main functions of the female reproductive system?
- Make egg cells (ova)
- Allow fertilization
- Provide embryo nourishment
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What is a sperm cell?
- A male gamete.
- Contains nucleus, acrosome.
- Has mitochondria.
- Tail/flagellum for movement.
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What happens during the menstrual phase?
- Uterus lining prepared for implantation sheds
- Lasts 3 to 5 days
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What is the pathway of sperm from the testes to outside the penis?
- Starts at the testes.
- Moves through the sperm duct.
- Passes into the urethra.
- Exits via the penis.
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