Space, Place and Landscape
22 important questions on Space, Place and Landscape
What was space regarded as before 1950?
- not yet defined or directly expressed
- a container in which within things happened
- it exists in itself without any relations to its substance
- people and objects are present 'in' space
What is space regarded as after 1950?
- space had to be defined
What is the 1950's definition of space?
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What is space regarded as from 1970?
- congnitive space as an addition to absolute space
- absolute, but people do not perceive it as such - there is a translation
- people mentally construct space based on emotions and understandings
- different perceptions lead to different behaviours
- space is no longer seen as a given, neutral or passive
- space is a relational, active, produced and constructed by people through relations and practices
- space is not an absolute container in which people and activitier are, it shapes and is shaped by people and their relations
- we change space and space changes us
What is the difference between space and place?
Place= space that has a meaning, a location that people are attracted to and that has value
What was 1970s Relph's perception of place?
Investigate place as an integral part of the human experience by means of the concepts 'insideness' and 'outsideness'.
What are the 7 modes of insideness/outsideness?
- Existential out.
- Objective out.
- Incedental out.
- Vicariours ins.
- Behavioural ins.
- Emphatic ins.
- Existential ins.
What is existential outsideness?
- newcomers
- people who return to a place after a long period of absence
- inability to understand all meanings
What is incidental outsideness?
- Little more than background to experiences
- relationship with a place we visit for a specific reason and limited timeframe
- objective outsideness is deliberate decision to stay away of getting emotionally invested, incedental outsideness is unselfconscious
- pick-up orders, festivals, sport games
What is vicarious insideness?
- still feel deeply involved
- engage with imagination
- artworks, tv-series, books or stories from other people
What is behavioural insideness?
- not truly distant nor attached but familiar with (the qualities of) the place
What is emphatic insideness?
- to feel emotionally attached while not fully being part of the culture
- appreciate qualities of the place
What is existential insideness?
Existential insideness characterizes belonging to a place
and deep and complete identity that is thevery foundation of the place concept.
What is the modern definition of environmental determinism?
- societies adapt to geomorphological landscape
- climate is a major agent to determine the 'cultural landscape'
What are the critiques of 'modern' environmental determinism'?
- No room for human agency
- Stereotypical image of 'the other'
What is a cultural landscape?
- culture is seen as a force shaping features of the earth
- the landscape reflects norms, values and aesthetics of the culture
What are the 3 metaphors of a landscape?
- Book
- Veil
- Palimpsest
What does the book metaphor include?
- Layered
- readable
- different readers
- punctuation marks
- construction of cultural meaning
What does the veil metaphor include?
- Distorts or hides reality
What does the palimpsest metaphor include?
- Parchment
- old text erased
- new text added
- old traces still visible
What is a landscape of power?
- The naturalisation of ideological systems: tangible and visible materiality make that which is socially constructed appear to be natural or of common sense.
- One way power can be expressed, maintained and
enhanced is through control and manipulation of
landscapes and practices of everyday life.
What is a landscape of resistance?
- public spaces are used to convey a message
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
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- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
