Read the summary and the most important questions on international history of the twentieth century and beyond | 9781315739717 | Antony Best, Jussi M. Hanhimäki, Joseph A. Maiolo and Kirsten E. Schulze

• 14 The 'Developmental States'

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• U-2 spy planes

  American high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft used to fly over Soviet and other hostile territories

• ROK(=Republic of Korea)

  The official name of South Korea. It came into existence in 1948 under the leadership of Syngman Rhee

• ROC (=Republic of China)

  The official name for the government of China in Taiwan.

• When did the US occupy Japan

  Between 1945-1952

• Why did the Japanese government and the emperor stay in place?

  By doing this the Japanse themselves implemented the American reforms and this would help legitimize the 'new' Japan

• What are the two distinct eras in American occupation

  1945-1949: Liberal phase: concentration of establishing democracy and pluralism, led to a new constitution in 1947. From 1948 the US started a reverse course and stressed the need for economic recovery and rearmament.

• What did the Peace treaty of San Francisco entail?

  US occupation would be ended in April 1952. It formally ended Japanese control over its empire - Japan should pay reparations to the occupied states in South-East Asia - Japan did not regain control over the Ryukya Islands - War with USSR, India and China was not over.

• At the same time as the San Francisco peace treaty a security pact between Japan and the US was concluded. What did this entail?

  Japan was at that time a neutralized and demilitarized state, but the US believed that Japan should be independent and rearm, but this could damage Japan's economic growth. The security pact therefor entailed that Japan was placed under US protection. This led to free ride behaviour of Japan. In 1952 a separative administrative agreement was made, which gave American froces extra-territorial rights.

• 18 The Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1949-2014

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• Why did Israel resort to violence?

  Israel's search for recognition and security made it adopt an aggresive defence policy grounded in retaliation, pre-emption and expansion of its strategic depth.

• Why did the Palesitians resort to violence?

  They felt dispossessed and betrayed by Israel in their quest for statehood and embarked upon the road of armed struggle, guerilla warfare and terrorism