Perception and categorization

10 important questions on Perception and categorization

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What are the 3 stages of the perception process?

Selection
categorization
interpretation

What does the selection stage do?

Information is received via the senses and attented to and interpreted by the brain.
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Which 3 steps does selective perception involve?

Selective exposure
selective attention
selective retention

What is the categorisation stage

Process of ordering the environment by grouping people, objects and events on the basis of similar features and characteristics.

What is the interpretation stage

Interpretation is the attachment of meaning to data obtained through the sensory organs

Why do people categorize?

To reduce uncertainty, maintain self-esteem and draw distinctions between ingroups (groups they belong to) and outgroups (the groups they do not belong to).

What do social identities do

They connect individuals to society through group memberships which influence their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviour in their relationships with members of other groups.
Social identities are not fixed

What can be described as the outgroup homogeneity effect?

To see members of outgroups as 'all alike', without recognizing the individual differences that we appreciate in ingroup members.

How does culture also affects what information people emphasise when interpreting behaviour

People try to explain an observed behaviour by attributing it to either personal or situational causes

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