Book summary - overview of human genetic variation - DNA -repair

3 important questions on Book summary - overview of human genetic variation - DNA -repair

Base mismatch repair?

to remove base mispairs created by replication that proofreading could not see.
  • The nick on a new replicated lagging DNA strand is for mismatch repair the clue to know which strand is the correct one.

Homologous recombination mediated DNA repair

highly accurate repair mechanism requires a homologous DNA strand to function as a template (the undamaged sister chromatid), it operates after DNA replication and before mitosis. This is only used when there is a double
strand break.
  • Double strand break
  • Trimming back the 5'ends to create a 3' and overhang
  • Strand invasion
  • DNA synthesis and ligate the ends
  • Resolution is the incorporation of the correct nucleotides during DNA synthesis because template from sister chromatid is used

Nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ)?

repair system that used no template, the broken ends a fused together quickly. Always present in the cell, but most important G1. Most of the time causes for deletions.

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