Evolutionary Genetics and Why It Matters to Natural Processes - Evolution

9 important questions on Evolutionary Genetics and Why It Matters to Natural Processes - Evolution

What is the core definition of evolution?

Change in genetic composition of a population over generations.
  • Driven by processes:
  • - Mutation
  • - Natural selection
  • - Genetic drift
  • - Gene flow

What provides the raw material for evolution?

Genetic variation is essential for evolutionary processes.
  • Sources:
  • - Mutation
  • - Recombination

What must traits be to be passed to offspring?

Traits need to be genetically encoded for heredity.
- Environmental effects alone do not cause change.
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Describe the time scale of evolution.

Evolution occurs over short (microevolution) or long (macroevolution) timescales.

What does natural selection do to advantageous alleles?

Natural selection increases advantageous alleles, reducing the disadvantageous ones.

What type of selection favors both extremes?

Disruptive selection favors both extreme phenotypes and may lead to speciation.

What evidence shows transitional forms of organisms?

The fossil record provides evidence of chronological changes in species.

How do genetic drift and allele frequencies affect variation?

Genetic drift reduces variation, particularly in small populations.
- Can fix alleles by chance.

What is a heritable trait that increases fitness?

An adaptation is a trait that enhances survival in an environment.

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