Summary: Paediatrics
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1.1.1 Systemic diseases (Part 1)
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What happens to sickled cells in the venular side of microcirculation?
- Trapped in slow-flowing venular side
- Adhesion to endothelium
- Form heterocellular aggregate
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What are the consequences of sickled cell aggregation?
- Local hypoxia
- Increased HbS polymerization
- Occlusion spread to vasculature
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What are the hallmarks of the disease mentioned?
- Anemia and vasculopathy
- Symptoms within 6 months
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What triggers dactylitis in early years?
- Infection
- Dehydration
- Extreme temperatures
- Hypoxia
- Physical/emotional stress
- Menstruation
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What characterizes bone pain in early years?
- Excruciating
- Symmetric
- Present in multiple locations
- Lasts minutes to days
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What causes a splenic sequestration crisis?
- Large number of RBCs trapped in spleen
- Induces severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, reticulocytosis
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What is the highest incidence age for Hand Foot Syndrome?
- 6 months to 2 years -
What does treatment for Hand Foot Syndrome involve?
- Fluids
- Pain medication
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Which of the following is a systemic manifestation?
- Cardiovascular problems
- Osteomyelitis
- Osteoporosis
- Growth disturbances
- Osteonecrosis
- Acute chest syndrome
- Cerebrovascular accidents
- Chronic renal failure
- Priapism
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What may the mucous membranes show in oral and dental manifestations of SCD?
- Mucous membranes may show
- Jaundice, glossitis, delayed tooth eruption
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