Learning Goal - Vascular Function

11 important questions on Learning Goal - Vascular Function

Resistance and compliance in vascular structures

Flow depends on pressure gradient and resistance to flow

Q = DELTA pressure / Resistance

What is Poiseuille's Law?

R = 8nl/πr^4

- n = viscosity
- l = vessel length
- r = vessel radius

SMALL CHANGES IN RADIUS RESULTS IN LARGE CHANGE IN RESISTANCE

How does vasodilation affect the body?

Vasodilation = increased radius = decreased resistance = increased blood flow = decreased blood pressure (locally)
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What is laminar flow?

Blood that flows in layers (streamlines) is laminar

What are characteristics of laminar flow?

  1. Parallel to axis of vessel
  2. very thin layer of blood in contact with wall does not move, next layer moves slowly with central axis moving the fastest
  3. flow is silent

How does laminar flow become turbulent?

Reaching critical velocity will cause flow to become turbulent

What is turbulent flow?

It is when eddies of liquid particles more both parallel and perpendicular to the central axis, making sound

How does turbulent flow occur?

Changes in vessel diameter and viscosity of blood

Forces affecting capillary circulation

  1. Diffusion - Gradient based
  2. Filtration - Starling forces (+)
  3. Reabsorption - Starling forces (-)

What are starling foces?

Starling forces = (Hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries - Hydrostatic pressure in the tissue) - (Oncotic pressure in the capillaries - Oncotic pressure in the tissue)

How does the lymphatic system contribute?

The net filtration is returned to circulation via lymph vessels, and lymph empties into subclavian veins

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