General Principles of Pharmacology
18 important questions on General Principles of Pharmacology
List the non-receptor drug mechanisms
Mannitol
Bulk & lubricating laxatives
Bile acid binding resins
Metal chelators
Purine/pyrimidine or folic acid structural analogues
What do bile acid binding resins do?
What do metal chelators do?
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
For my 1st exam, I got a C. Then, I started looking for ways to learn better, and I came across Study Smart. Since then, I have scored an A+, A, A-, and another A. I highly recommend it to everyone who wants to hear it. I am so happy with it!!
I was struggling to finish all my first-year subjects for three years. Then I discovered Study Smart, which helped me to complete all of them within three months.
Because of StudySmart, things are going well in many ways. Before, I always had study stress and no time for anything. Now I feel calm and confident (because of the program). I used to score a B, and now I usually score an A or A+.
Hey Chris, I really want to thank you very much for developing the platform, I usually got around C for my exams, now I scored an A+, an A and a A- !!
Since using Study Smart, my average has increased significantly. I even completed a statistics course with an A+ while I'm bad at statistics. I took on extra classes this year because of Study Smart. Thanks so much!
Ever since I started studying with StudySmart, I have passed all my exams! No more re-sits! At first, I was happy with a pass, and now I only get good grades. Many thanks!
I aced all the courses I studied with Study Smart. For law, I first scored a D, and now an A! I’m 100% sure that I’ll pass all the courses I study with Study Smart.
I always thought I studied well. My grades were fine. I could never have imagined that applying these study skills would have such a huge and direct impact on each stage, my speed, and the pleasure I have in learning.
For the first time, I finally feel confident about the way I learn. I have the perfect overview and have made significant progress in terms of speed and the grades I get. Thanks, Chris!
I immediately started to enjoy learning again, and my grades soared. All of a sudden, everything went better. I highly recommend Study Smart to all students..
Being able to create my materials online made the process of studying so much smoother and quicker. I no longer have to spend a considerable amount of my time developing my summaries.
At first, my notes were a mess. Now I use Study Smart to take my notes in a perfectly structured way. It helps me to save a lot of time and do other things I enjoy.
Students that study with Study Smart get better grades. The system applies all the learning methods so that both well-performing students and students who struggle perform much better.
Hi Chris, I would like to thank you very much. Last year I scored C on a course, and this year I got an A+ thanks to your method! Thank you very much!
The most considerable effect is that my child is more enthusiastic about school! Every parent wants their children to be happy at school. Study Smart made it happen.
In high school, I failed several exams, and that has really changed now. I actually needed this tool very much back then. Since I started studying with StudySmart, I haven't had any Ds. My average score is now an A, and those are results I would have never had in the past.
With my old method, I passed only 3 out of 8 courses. However, since I started taking my notes digitally in Study Smart, I have passed all my lessons on the first try. For me, StudySmart takes away the stress of wondering if I will give or not.
Thanks to StudySmart, I passed all my exams and with better grades than before! On top of that, I have mastered a perfect study method now, which I am confident will help me earn my degree.
What are purine/pyrimidine or folic acid structural analogues?
What is the role of agonists?
What is the role of antagonists?
What are the three events that are altered by conformational change of the receptor due to the binding of the drug to the receptor?
2. Ion channel open probability
3. Enzyme activity
What are the direct effects of conformational change from formation of drug-receptor complex?
2. Drug acts as competitive inhibitor by binding to receptor to obstruct substrate access to enzyme active site
What are the indirect effects of conformational change from formation of drug-receptor complex?
2. Modulation of downstream events
What is the cause of side effects from drugs?
What should the affinity (Ka) for target receptors of a drug be greater than to reduce side effects?
What is the relationship between drug concentration (dose) and side effects?
List the factors to consider when prescribing medications
Underlying pathophysiology
Drugs with potentially useful action
Monitoring therapeutic response
Risks vs. Benefits
Communication with patient in making decision to treat
At which level do drugs act on living systems?
What are the four types of drug names
2. Code name - short alphanumeric identifier (ex: D-365)
3. Generic name - official name of drug
4. Trade/proprietary name - marketed name (one drug can have multiple trade names)
What is the key difference between generic and trade names of drugs?
What are the three variable factors in drug molecules?
2. Shape & charge (does it complement to the binding site on receptor?)
3. Chemistry (most drugs are weak acids or weak bases)
Which ionization form of drug molecules cross membranes more easily?
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
