Basic Material Concrete
25 important questions on Basic Material Concrete
What are the two main factors that the mechanical properties of hardened cement and concrete depend on?
- Chemical composition of the hydrated cement.
- Physical structure of the hydration products.
What is the relationship between the strength of hardened concrete and the w/c ratio according to Duff Abrams?
What does fresh cement paste consist of?
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What does the formula \(f_{c} = k_{1}k_{2}^{w/c}\) represent?
How do superplasticizers (SP) act in concrete?
What are some limitations of Abram’s law?
What has the availability of superplasticizers revolutionized?
How does improper compaction affect concrete according to Figure 2.1?
What do superplasticizers not influence in concrete?
What is the largest single factor affecting the strength of fully compacted concrete in practice?
What historical fact is mentioned about admixtures?
What should fresh concrete satisfy according to section 2.3.1?
- The mix should be stable, that is it should not segregate during transportation and placing. The tendency of bleeding should also be minimized.
- The concrete should be capable of being compacted and placed in the form around the reinforcement, embedded fixtures, and corners of the formwork.
- The mix should be such that it can be transported from the mixer to the job site as quickly as possible in a usable condition.
- It should be uniform and homogenous.
What is the water required for complete hydration of cement in a sealed container?
What was a very effective air-entraining agent used by the Romans?
What are the most important properties of concrete in the hardened state according to section 2.3.2?
What are the three classes of natural aggregates based on their origin?
- Igneous rocks result from cooling of molten magma.
- Sedimentary rocks are formed from deposition, cementation and consolidation.
- Metamorphic rocks are formed from igneous and sedimentary rocks subjected to high temperature and pressure which change their strength and texture.
What systematic study of admixtures began in the 1930s?
What is commonly considered the most important property of concrete according to section 2.3.2.1?
How are aggregates classified based on size?
- FA – aggregate sample most of which passes through 4.75 mm IS sieve.
- CA – aggregate sample most of which is retained on 4.75 mm IS sieve.
What are the benefits of using admixtures?
What is the influence of aggregate shape on the properties of concrete?
What are the reasons for using admixtures to modify properties of fresh concrete, mortar, and grout?
- Increase workability without increasing water content or decrease water content at the same workability.
- Retard or accelerate time of initial setting.
- Reduce segregation.
- Improve pumpability.
- Reduce the rate of slump loss.
What results in a strong and durable concrete?
What are the types of admixtures as per Indian Standard IS:9103?
- Accelerating admixture
- Retarding admixture
- Water-reducing admixture
- Air-entraining admixture
- Superplasticizing admixture
What is the mode of action of water-reducing admixtures?
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