Inventories - Wildlife inventory
7 important questions on Inventories - Wildlife inventory
What is incomplete counts (distance sampling)?
- Counting detectable individuals along transects (or at points)
- But: what is the effective sampling area?
- the effective width of the sampling strip (transect) is 2x the Effective Detection distance (EDD)
- estimate per density per transect
- Quantify detectability from
measured detection distances
• By calculating the effective detection
distance per species / habitat
What are indirect counts (signs)?
- Counting signs of animals, e.g., bird calls, animal droppings, photos on a camera trap
- Usually on a random sample of plots (quadrats or strips) of known size.
- Use the density of signs as “index” of population density.
- Assumes that the number of signs is proportional to animal abundance.
- Assumes samples are representative
- Difficulty: signs may be ephemeral; need to control for lifetime.
Why use camera traps for wildlife surveys?
- Cost-effective
- long-term observations
- non-invasive
- record shy and noctunal species
- observations with photo evidence
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Indirect counts using camera traps
- Counting detections of animals by a motion snesor
- assumes that the number of detections is proportional to animal abundance
- cameras in grid or at random points
- difficulty: sensitivity varies with many different factors
Which factors influence the sensing process?
- Temperature difference between animal and its environment
- the size of the animal
- the presence of vegetation defusing the radiation
Why were red deer picked up on camera more?
- Red deer are larger and are thus detected over longer distances
- Red deer may have relatively long daily travel distances, hence encounter camera traps more often than other species
- Red deer may use the habitats that we oversampled more intensely than do other species.
What can explain the difference betweeen the REM result and the hunting bags estimate?
- Random placement not taken into account
- Oversampling of restricted areas
- Detection distance varies with habitat
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