Lecture title - Tubulointestitial Diseases
3 important questions on Lecture title - Tubulointestitial Diseases
What is nephrocalcinosis and how does it occur?
Nephrocalcinosis is a pathological calcification of the kidneys due to hypercalcemic nephropathy. It involves the deposition of calcium in the renal tissue, often associated with metabolic disorders like hyperparathyroidism.
What are the additional symptoms and systemic evidence of Acute pyelonephritis?
Additional symptoms include:
- Pain at costovertebral angle (kidney inflammation/infection).
- Systemic evidence of pyelonephritis:
- Fever, chills, malaise.
- Nausea and vomiting.
- Pyuria (pus in urine).
What are the routes of pathogenesis for UTIs?
Routes of pathogenesis for UTIs include:
- Ascending infection (most common)
- Seeding of infection in kidneys (septicemia or bacteremia)
- Lymphatic spread
- Direct extension from other organs (e.g., GIT or colon cancer)
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