Summary: Topic 10: Cariology
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1 Caries risk assessment and caries diagnosis
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How can the progression of dental caries be limited?
Since it is rarely self-limiting, it requires regular disturbance of dental plaque on the site -
Do dental caries progress fast or slow?
Slow progression -
What are the prerequisites to dental caries?
BiofilmPlaque
Fermentable carbohydrates
Susceptibletooth surfaceTooth -
What are risk factors that directly contribute to caries development?
1. Tooth
2. Time
3. Bacteria in biofilm
4. Diet (amount, composition, frequency) -
What are oral environmental factors that can contribute to caries development?
1. Saliva (buffer capacity, composition, flow rate)
2. Protein
3. Sugars (clearance rate, frequency)
4. Calcium and phosphate
5. Plaque pH
6. Microbial species
7. Chewing gum
8. Flouride
9. Dental sealants
10. Antibacterial agents -
What are personal factors that can contribute to caries development?
1.Sociodemographic status
2.Income
3. Dentalinsurance coverage
4.Knowledge
5.Attitudes
6. Oral healthliteracy
7.Behaviour (oral hygiene, snacking)
8.Education -
How do personal factors, oral environmental factors, and factors that directly contribute to caries development interplay?
Personal factors (outermost circle)contribute tooral environmental factors (middle circle),which inturn contribute todirect factors ofcaries development (innermost circle). -
What is needed for good caries diagnosis?
Dry surface
Good lighting
Blunt probe -
What are visual cues to look out for clinically and raidographically in terms of caries?
Clinically
1. Colour
2. Texture
Radiographically
1. Radiolucency (darker on x-ray image) -
What are four characteristic of a tooth that have to be considered to confirm caries?
Cavitated
Active (soft upon probing, yellow or brown)
Inactive (hard black region = arrested decay)
Into dentine
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