Empolyee satisfaction and commitment
15 important questions on Empolyee satisfaction and commitment
Research suggests that job satisfaction is a relatively stable construct across time and jobs, what kind of people are constantly satisfied with their jobs?
- self-esteem
- self-efficacy
- internal locus of control
What is the influence of the discrepancy theory on job satisfaction?
- decreased satisfaction
- decreased organizational commitment
- increased intent to leave organization
What are 5 factors employees should keep in mind for job satisfaction?
- fit: vocation, job, organization, coworkers and supervisor
- climate: social learning/information processing theory
- needs: Maslow, ERG, Two factor
- resources: equity theory, organizational justice
- growth and challenge: job rotation/enrichment/enlargement, job characteristic theory
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What is the organizational justice theory about?
- Distributive justice: perceived fairness of decisions made in an organization (e.g. Did one manager get a higher budget?)
- Procedural justice: perceived fairness of the methods used to make decisions (e.g. Are all capable employees able to apply for an internal vacancy?)
- Interactional justice: perceived fairness of interpersonal treatment (e.g. Does every employe get the same amount of attention from the supervisor?)
What is the chance for growth and challenge about?
- Job enlargement: employees are given more tasks at the same time
- Job enrichment: employees receive more responsibility over tasks and decisions
- job characteristic theory: certain aspects of a job will make it more or less satisfying depending on the particular need of the worker
- self-directed teams/quality circles: employees discuss work issues and make recommendations
Absenteeism, in one survey 65% of absence was due to other reasons than sickness, name the top three reasons:
- needing to relax
- catching op on sleep
How to reduce stress and increase attendance?
Reducing stress- overload
- conflict: peers or supervisors
- boredom
- safety issues
Creative incentives
- rewards for attending: financial incentives, paid-time programs, recognition programs
- discipline for not attending
- clear policy and record keeping
What are the costs of absenteeism?
- overtime for other employees
- decreased productivity of other employees
- temporary help cost
- client satisfaction reduction
- employee morale
Turnover costs are estimated to be 20% of annual salary for the position + hidden costs (effectiveness drop, overtime of employees covering vacancy, etc). There are 4 views, name them
- some turnover is healthy, U-shaped relationship between turnover and performance, very low or high levels lead to low performance
- negative effect of turnover is strongest when organizations turnover rate is low and this effect diminishes as turnover rates climb
- effect of turnover on organizational performance is mediated bu the strength of an organizations HR efforts, turnover will most affect organizations that spend time and money to develop employees
What can predict/ foreshadow turnovers?
- absenteeism
- job performance
What are the best proximal predictors of turnover?
organizational commitment
job search
comparison of alternatives
withdrawel cognitions
quit intentions
What are the best distal predictors of turnover?
stress
work group cohesion
autonomy
leadership
distributive justice and promotional chance
How to reduce turnover?
- match the market
- use job evaluation to ensure internal equity
- offer retention/tenure bonuses (stay for pay)
selection issues
- conduct realistic job previews
- look for person organization fit
- study predictors of people who leave
organizational issues
- provide training
- show appreciation
- mediate conflicts
- meet employee needs: safety, social, growth
What is meant with counterproductive workplace behavior (CWB)?
What is meant with lack of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)?
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