Home / Summaries / A Concise History of the World Since 1945 / migration-declaration-human

When borders do matter: international migration and identity

9 important questions on When borders do matter: international migration and identity

What is one of the ironies of globalization during the early twenty-first century?

One of the great ironies of globalization during the early twenty-first century involved voluntary and involuntary human migration across national frontiers.

What happened in terms of migration after 9/11?

In the wake of the September 2001 terrorist attacks against the US, calls to make immigration policy and enforcement a political priority intensified.
Around the globe, national border controls were tightened, visa policies were scrutinized, and the rules of state membership and naturalization were reevaluated.

Why did a generous immigration policy seem compelling?

With projections indicating that there would be approximately 8.5 billion people on the planet by 2030, and with the most dramatic growth set to take place in poor countries, the potential advantages of a generous immigration policy in the aging and demographically stagnant North seemed compelling.
Gainfully employed immigrants could offset the reduced numbers of native-born workers, contribute to state-mandated retirement schemes that supported the growing ranks of.the elderly, and provide new ideas and creative energy in market-driven economies.

What are the dangers of immigration?

Much of the discussion focused on the potential social disruption caused by newcomers, their alleged reluctance to assimilate, proclivity for criminal behavior, and disproportionate need for welfare benefit.

What is said about migration in the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights"?

Among the political, social, and economic rights outlined in the Declaration, three specifically involved human migration.

Article 13, Section 2 claimed that every person "has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country."
Article 14 declared a right "to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution," while
Article 15, Section 2 mandated that no one "shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality."

What hope did Eleanor Roosevelt have while writing the Declaration?

Its framers, led by former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, also looked forward to a world where freedom of movement across borders would strengthen international understanding, enhance respect for cultural differences, bolster workforces in needed areas, and provide relief to those who found themselves without hope in the land of their birth.

How did the UN Declaration challenge the Western Enlightenment?

By defining international relocation as a universal human right, the authors of the UN Declaration challenged a key component of the Western Enlightenment heritage.
Since the late eighteenth century, one's identity and core allegiance had become increasingly tied to the territorial nation-state.

What is the goal of modern secular nation-building?

The goal of modern secular nation-building involved first and foremost the unification of diverse cultures and languages under a shared identity and within defensible borders.
Loyalty to the centralized state, and to the values represented by the state, became the ideological nexus around which the principle of citizenship was organized.
Sovereign countries were defined in part by their borders, their claims on specific territory irrespective of the cultural, linguistic, and religious features of the citizenry.

What arguments were there against migration?

Some scholars and pundits alleged that poor and ill-educated newcomers would place an inordinate stress on the fiscal resources of receiving countries; urban infrastructures would be unable to cope with new populations; labor markets would be saturated and wages for native workers would be forced down; law enforcement would be undermined; and welfare services would expand, leading to escalating tax rates.

The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:

A Concise History of the World Since 1945 | 9781352010206 | W M Spellman

View summary

A unique study and practice tool
Never study anything twice again
Get the grades you hope for
100% sure, 100% understanding

Remember faster, study better. Scientifically proven.

Topics that are related to When borders do matter: international migration and identity