Religion, rights, and civil society - Indian and Israeli confessional politics
3 important questions on Religion, rights, and civil society - Indian and Israeli confessional politics
How did the Indian constitution view other religions?
While the overwhelming majority (82 percent) of Indians were Hindu, the government was dedicated to embracing the minority Muslim (12 percent) and Sikh (2 percent) populations on equal terms, and this was reflected in the Indian constitution of 1951.
What did Hindus criticize Nehru (and the Congress party) about?
- When Muslims were exempted from a civil code respecting marriage, succession, and maintenance, conservative Hindus voiced strong objection, charging that Nehru's government was making indefensible concessions to particular groups solely on religious grounds.
- When the Congress Party under Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi quickly passed a new law restoring the Muslim personal law, Hindu nationalist parties, including the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), capitalized on the growing anti-Congress sentiment by condemning the legislation.
What problem did Sikh separatists face?
- In the prosperous northwest region of Punjab, Sikh separatists tested the resolve of the national government in the 1980s.
- Leaders of the new faith, founded in the late fifteenth century by a Hindu mystic who embraced monotheism and opposed the caste system, were subject to intermittent persecution by their Muslim overlords.
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