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• 9 image processing

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• What is an arithmetic operation on an image?

  It can be a simple addition to each pixels, like a constant value with the effect of making it darker/brighter.

• What is an Image histogram?

  plot that shows how many times a pixel value is repeated in an image.

• What is poor contrast in an image?

  When the interval of the image is smaller than the interval [0,255], difficult to distinguish between dark and light.

• How can you improve the contrast?

  By point operation, histogram stretching, or called normalization or equalization.

• How does a histogram stretching work?

  It stretches the range of intensity values to the desired range interval [0,255].

• How do you calculate the new intensity value of each pixel in the new image(g)?

  g(x,y) = (255/ (f2-f1)) * (f(x,y) -f1)
  f1 is left most nonzero bin in histogram
  f2 is right most nonzero bin

• What is Thresholding operation?

  point processing turning grayscale image to a binary image(black and white).

• How does Thresholding work?

  by Choosing a gray level T in the original image and turning every pixel black if the value is less than T or white if the value if greater than T.

• How can thresholding help with segmentation?

  By choosing a Threshold level between two peaks, we can succesfully seperate the foreground objects from the background.

• When does Segmentation with Thresholding give good results?

  If the histogram has two dominant peaks, where one represents the background pixels and the other the foreground.