Anaesthesia & Analgesia
5 important questions on Anaesthesia & Analgesia
What is anesthesia and analgesia?
- inability to move and relax muscles
This is important:
- Pre-operactive care will reduce complications.
- Reproducible results: no abnormalilties
- Animal welfare influence experimental outcome
What are the dis and advantages of inhalation anaethetics?
- Induce rapid anesthetic
- allow animal to achieve desired anesthetic plane (avoid deeper and undesired plane)
- subtle anesthetic depth changes during procedure (with injectable administration, anesthetic goes to liver metabolism)
Disadvantage
- rapid anesthetic depth changes requite close animal monitoring
- expensive equipment
- waste anesthetic gad released into environment (health risk)
- lack of analgesic properties during recovery
- dose-dependent decreases in respiration function, cardiac out and blood pressure
What are the various routes od injectable anesthetic administration?
- high risk for misplacement
SC (preferabel)
- no sensitive differences with IP distribution
IM (to avoid)
- painful, scratching of area --> necrosis
IV
- infusion pump
- technical skill
IP, SC, IM compared to IV
- slower absorption
- possible residual effect can persist --> slow recovery
- different dosage
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Can multiple anesthetic and analgesia drugs be used?
Multiple anaesthetic drugs with complementary modes of action to minimize the dose of each drug required
- each drug has specific effect
- beneficial synergic effect
- with lowest doses of each agents and therefore less undesired side effects
Multi-modal analgesia (multiple drugs with different mechanisms of action) provides the beste analgesia possible
- NSAID + opioid
- adminstration
- food & drinking water
- less stressful, however, no control on dosis and can affect taste
- injectable
- more stressful, but control over correct dosage
What are the advantage of pre-emptive analgesia?
- Reduce intensity of painful stimulation
- improves animal comfort level after surgery
- decreases the amount of anesthetics required to maintain surgical plane
- results in smoother recovery
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