Human endpoints
5 important questions on Human endpoints
What are the categories of discomfort?
- single blood sampling or injection
- immunisation
Moderate
- repeated blood sampling, injections
- recovery from general anaethesia
- metabolic cage
Severe
- acute toxicity test
- vaccine potency tests
Non-recovery
- procedures using general anesthesia (animals do no recover)
How do you determine animal welfare?
- Analogy principle (what is damaging for humans can also damage animals)
- Absence of negative indicators
- behavioural
- abnormal, less grooming, isolation
- physiological
- weight losse, less food intake, pilo-erection, respiratory signs, heart rate, stress hormomon level
- post-mortem
- fatty liver, muscle volume, infections
- Presence of positive indicators
- normal/active behavior
How can you reduce discomfort?
- Training of animals with reward
- adequate application of anethetics, analgesics, antibiotics
- standardization of procedures
- competence of staff
- Higher grades + faster learning
- Never study anything twice
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
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What are human endpoints and what is reason for humane endpoints?
- The proposed goal of study has been reached
- To limit unintended, unwanted or severe discomfort until a minimum
- animal in bad condition can give unreliable results
How to asses human endpoints?
- Observation and monitoring (clinical signs)
- biomarker (in blood, urine)
- microchip implant systems
- pilot experiments
The question on the page originate from the summary of the following study material:
- A unique study and practice tool
- Never study anything twice again
- Get the grades you hope for
- 100% sure, 100% understanding
