Microbiology - Protein classification

21 important questions on Microbiology - Protein classification

What is protein classification?

A process that addresses the function of unknown proteins and links them with known proteins.

Why is protein classification important?

To make sense of generated data, because otherwise protein annotations have limited value.

What is a protein domain?

A conserved region of a protein sequence or structure that can evolve and function independently of the rest of the protein.
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What is a protein motif?

A conserved short sequence pattern inside of a domain, that is often associated with a specific function.

What does the protein motif contain?

Key amino-acids that are preserved to make folding the protein possible.

What happens when amino-acid positions in a motif change?

The protein is folded in a different way and can lose function or get a completely other function.

What kind of protein classification methods are there?

Structure based, functional based and sequence based.

What is the principle of sequence based protein classification?

Proteins with similar sequences can have similar functions and or evolutionairy origins.

What does sequence based protein classification result in?

Being able to address protein homology and classification of the proteins in clusters (evolutionairy tree).

Why are a lot of the studies more interested in the evolution of a newly found protein?

From evolutionary information you can try and trace the differences between proteins that have the same origin to find out the function of the new protein.

What is the principle of structure based protein classification?

Proteins with similar structures can have similar functions, but they don't necessarily have an evolutionary relationship with eachother.

What is one limitation of sequence based protein classification?

Similar sequences can have different functions due to mutations or context specific behaviour.

What is one limitation of function based protein classification?

It requires experimental data.

What is one limitation of structure based protein classification?

It is complex and may result in low confidence.

What is one advantage of sequence based protein classification?

It is effective for finding homologs or understanding conserved domains.

What is one advantage of function based protein classification?

It directly ties to the biological role of the protein.

What is one advantage of structure based protein classification?

It is more conserved than sequence, so better for detecting distant homologs.

How can protein classification contribute to understanding the funtional diversity of microbial communities?

It provides insights in metabolic capabilities, ecological roles and interactions by organizing protein coding genes into functional categories.

What does structural protein classification result in?

In a detailed map of conserved and variable motifs and strucural positioning of proteins in them.

What is the principle of functional protein classification?

It groups proteins based on the biological role or activities and can be done with annotation results

What does functional protein classification result in?

It helps to address the completeness of pathways and biogeochemical roles.

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