Summary: Igo's Ngo's

Read the summary and the most important questions on IGO's NGO's

• History, Definition and Classification of (International) Non-Governmental Organizations

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• What are the three main sectors of the public sphere?

  -The PUBLIC SECTOR pertains to states with everything that belongs to it: administration, bureaucracy, governments,ministrie, parliaments, judiciary;
  
  -The PRIVATE SECTOR is the market, which includes everything that makes profit: business, economic enterprises,corporations.
  
  -The THIRD SECTOR is the rest, meaning everything that is not government or business, which are civil society actors.

• What is the role of civil sociecty?

  Civil society organizations engage in advocating the public rights and wishes of the people, including but not limited tohealth, environment and economic rights. They fulfill important duties of checks and balances in democracies. They are able to influence government and hold it accountable.

• What is the EU definition of NGOs?

  a non-state actor,independent from government,not for profit,acts in the public interest upholds democratic values

• How do we classify NGOs by size and area of activity? Give examples for each category

  Large
  multinational bodies
  Small
  (even 1-2 persons), voluntary, part time effort.

• IGO'S NGOS

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• What are the 6 factors that lead to more international cooperation?

  1. Industrial expansion
  2. World economic crisis
  3. Development disparities
  4. Human rights violations
  5. Environmental degradation 
  6. War and power politics

• What is the League of Nations? Why was it created?

  -Problem condition: The devastation of WWI
  
  
  -Cognitive condition: Realising that war in the age of technological advances is disastrous and must be prevented and international institutions can play a critical role
  
  
  -Hegemonic condition: The United States (a great power) pushed for the League’s formation
  
  Created to strengthen international security worldwide
  
  -Continuation of Concert of Europe, but now institutionalised (first proper IGO)

• Why did the League of Nations fail?

  -Absence of important countries
  -The Treaty of Versailles, which the League was meant to protect, was seen as unfair
  -Self-interest of members dominated.
  -Decisions were slow – unanimity required
  -Sanctions were ineffective and lack of troops to enforce military measures.
  -1929 Wall Street Crash

• Introduction International Organization

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• Who are members of the IGOs?

  Members: sovereign states/nation states that join the organization voluntarily. In order to pursue their common interests.

• Mention three types of International Organizations and give an example?

  IGOS= UNITED NATIONS, WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION
  INGOS= OXFAM,ICRC
  MNCs/TNCs= SHELL

• What is the formal aspect?

  The purpose, structure and decision-making procedures included in a charter or treaty. Ex: UN, NATO, OSCE, EU.