Wine economics

8 important questions on Wine economics

What is the main criteria that we can use to segment the wine on the market?

  • Wine production per hectare (= industry of the yield)

How can we group the wines according to their price and quality?

  • NO OFFICIAL CLASSIFICATION


  1. Basic wines - Popular premium wines: production per hectare is quite high. Sometimes made from a blend produced in different countries and sometimes sold in bulk.
  2. Premium wines - Ultra-premium wines: production per hectare is quite low. These are wine produced in a specific terroir in a specific designated geographical area --> official appellation (p.ex. Bordeaux, Chianti).
  3. Iconic wines: quality is exceptional, quantity is very low and the demand is very high and an international recognition (p.ex. Château Mouton Rothschild).

How are the countries that are the vastest vineyards?

  1. Spain
  2. France
  3. China

This statistic includes production of table grapes, grapes for wine and raisins


  • 1 ha = 10000 m^2 --> 1 ha =2.471 acres
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How are the countries that produce the most wine?

  1. Italy
  2. France
  3. Spain

How are the countries that consume the most amount of wine?

  1. USA
  2. France
  3. Italy

Why is the wine consumption decrease in the past years?

  • Greater awareness of the health risks linked to excessive alcohol consumption
  • Changes in dietary habits, with wine now consumed occasionally rather than as a regular part of meals
  • Wine is no longer associated with providing daily energy for physically demanding work, as such labor has become less common
  • Stricter laws regulating alcohol consumption
  • Reduced transmission of wine-related knowledge and traditions to younger generations

How are the countries that export the most amount of wine?

  • Italy is the first country for the quantity exported
  • France is the first country for the value of bottles exported (11'671 $ in 2024)
  • Spain

Who are the countries that import the most amount of wine?

  • Germany is the first country for the quantity imported (12.7 mhl in 2024)
  • USA is the first country for the value of bottle imported (6278 $ in 2024)
  • UK

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