Endocrine pancreas - Disorders of glucose homeostasis - Diabetes mellitus

6 important questions on Endocrine pancreas - Disorders of glucose homeostasis - Diabetes mellitus

What is diabetes mellitus?

It is a condition charaterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin (Type 1) or insulin resistance (Type 2)

Why "mellitus" in diabetes mellitus?

Hyperglycemia prevents kidney from reabsorbing more glucose and water consequently. This leads to a high volume of sweet urine.

What are the clinical signs of diabetes?

PU/PD, polyphagia, weight loss, cataracts, weakness, diabetic neuropathy
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How do we diagnose diabetes mellitus?

Test fasting glucose levels in urine, serum fructosamine in cats

How do we treat diabetes mellitus?

Weight reduction and diet changes, insulin preparations, oral hypoglycemics, frequent blood glucose monitoring

What are the consequences of not treating diabetes mellitus?

Diabetic ketoacidosis, cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome

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