Learning Goal - textbook C - CD8+ Cytotoxic T cells

4 important questions on Learning Goal - textbook C - CD8+ Cytotoxic T cells

How do CD8+ Cytotoxic T cell aid in immune responses?

CD8+ cytotoxic T cells recognize epitopes presented by MHC Class I and eliminate intracellular pathogens and tumor cells by killing target cells

How are CD8+ T cells activated?

Signal 1: Tri-molecular complex (TCR with CD8, epitope, MHC Class I)
- Endogenous antigens are broken down into peptides and fit into MHC class I
Signal 2: Co-stimulators (CD28 and CD80/86)
Signal 3 (not always required): Cytokines such as IL-12 driving proliferation/differentiation of T cells

How does CD8+ CTLs kill with perforins and granzymes?

CD8+ CTLs release perforins that punch holes in the target cell membranes, and release granules with Granzymes to trigger a caspase cascade leading to apoptosis
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How does CD8+ CTL kill with Fas/FasL pathway?

FasL (CD95L) on target cells: ligand for Fas (CD95) on CTLs lead to caspase cascade leading to apoptosis

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