COGNITIVE PROCESSES (MEMORY) - The Multi-Store Model (Murdock)
13 important questions on COGNITIVE PROCESSES (MEMORY) - The Multi-Store Model (Murdock)
What are the limitations of Murdock's study on the Serial Position Effect?
- Lack of control in individual traits, such as memory capacity and motivation.
- Low ecological validity due to lab setting.
- Limited generalizability as only college students were used.
What is the process from sensory to long-term memory according to the document?
- Sensory: Information is registered through senses from the environment (unlimited capacity and brief duration).
- Short term memory: Limited info is held briefly.
- Long term memory: Elaborative rehearsal stores info long-term.
How does Milner's study challenge the MSM regarding memory in real life?
- Henry Molasin had his hippocampus removed, affecting memory.
- He remembered old memories but couldn't form new ones.
- Unconscious motor sensors worked; other brain parts functioned.
- The hippocampus wasn't the sole memory storage.
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What is the working memory model and how was it tested?
What was the aim of Murdock's (1962) study on the serial position effect?
Why did Baddeley and Hitch decide to create a new memory model?
- MSM was considered outdated.
- It stated that the hippocampus is the only brain function that stores memories.
Describe the main assumptions of the Multi-store Memory Model (MSM).
- Memory consists of separate locations for storage.
- Processes are linear.
- Each store operates in a single way.
- Rehearsal is crucial for storing in long-term memory.
What research method was used in Murdock's study?
What are the key components of the Multi-store Memory Model (MSM)?
1) Encoding: Converting information to a storable code.
2) Capacity: Amount stored.
3) Duration: Storage length.
What were the independent and dependent variables in Murdock's study?
- IV: Length of words, pacing (speed) students read.
- DV: Amount of words recalled, positioning of word in the list (likelihood to recall a word).
Describe the procedure of Murdock's study.
- 103 participants (psychology students, both sexes).
- Random allocation to one of six conditions.
- 3 conditions: 1 word per second.
- Other 3 conditions: 1 word every 2 seconds.
What were the findings of Murdock's study?
- Probability of recalling a word depended on its serial position.
- First or last words most likely recalled.
- Middle words often forgotten.
- Recency effect existed with 40 words.
What strength was identified in Murdock's study?
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