Elements of the Immune system and Their Roles in Defense - The innate immune response produces a state of inflammation at sites of infection

3 important questions on Elements of the Immune system and Their Roles in Defense - The innate immune response produces a state of inflammation at sites of infection

How does the complement reaction of plasma proteins work?

Pathogens become coated with complement proteins, which can either kill the pathogen directly or facilitate its engulfment and destruction by phagocytes. It is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity and is activated either directly or indirectly by the presence of infection.

What are cytokines and what's their function?

Cytokines are messenger proteins that bind receptors on the effector cells of innate immunity to trigger the innate immune response.

When are cytokines send out by cells?

When the receptors of cells in the damaged tissue detect the bacteria.

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