Lab 1 - Nomenclature, Microscopes, and Bacteria

16 important questions on Lab 1 - Nomenclature, Microscopes, and Bacteria

Up to how much can transmission electron microscopes magnify?

Transmission electron microscopes can magnify up to 1,000,000x or more!

What is binomial nomenclature?

Binomial nomenclature refers to the formal naming system for living organisms, in which each has a two part name; genus and species.

How should the genus and species be written in binomial nomenclature?

When writing the genus and species, the genus is always capitalized while species is not.
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What happens at each step of using a dichotomous key?

At each step you will make an either-or decision, placing the organism into more and more exclusive subcategories until the key points to one specific species.

What do dissecting or stereoscopic microscopes enable?

Dissecting or stereoscopic microscopes enable the magnification of larger objects and organisms than the compound microscope.

How many focus knobs are there on these microscopes?

There is only one focus knob and one knob that changes the magnification power.

What do compound microscopes enable?

Compound microscopes enable the magnification of smaller objects and organisms than the dissecting microscope.

What are the three distinct shapes of bacteria cells?

Bacteria cells have three distinct shapes, cocci (spherical), bacilli (rod shaped) and spirillum (spiral).

What are bacteria classified as and why?

Bacteria are prokaryotes which means they lack a membrane bound nucleus and organelles.

What type of cell shapes are the smallest?

The smallest cell shape is the cocci, with an approximate measurement of 1 micrometer.

What type of cell shapes are the largest?

The largest cell shape was the spirillum, with an approximate measurement of 8 micrometers.

What do bacteria have that is unique in their cell wall?

Bacteria have a unique cell wall containing a layer of peptidoglycan, which is a complex polymer of protein and sugar.

How do bacteria that stain gram-positive differ in their cell wall structure?

Bacteria that stain gram-positive have a thick layer of peptidoglycan on the external surface of the cell.

What is the characteristic of the cell wall in gram-negative bacteria?

Gram-negative bacteria have a thin layer sandwiched between an outer and an inner membrane.

What color will gram-positive bacteria stain?

Gram-positive bacteria will stain purple.

What color will gram-negative bacteria stain?

Gram-negative will stain pink.

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