Summary: Bioethics

Read the summary and the most important questions on Bioethics

• Chapter 1 - Introduction to Bioethics.

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• Describe a problem for Bioethics:

  A demand of legislation supporting certain ethical values.

• Describe individual ethics:

  Each person has his/her sense of right and wrong in his/her conscience. This definition produces ethical demands. These ethical demands are translated in norms on how to behave. The person itself judges his/her behaviours and punishes through remorse and regrets.

• Descrbie religious or philosophical ethical systems:

  Ethical systems, shared by a certain number of people, accepted on a voluntary basis, and judges by their consciences.

• Describe social ethics:

  Ethical norms, shared by a certain social group, binding for a certain society in a determined historical moment.

• Describe the different perspectives between ethics and law:

  • Ethics is a personal dimension. 
    
  • Law is a social dimension. 

• Connections between law and ethics. Legalization of the ethics:

  Imposition of certain ethical values through the law. 
  
  

  • The law has to reflect the essential ethical values shared by a certain society. 
  • The law has to propose certain general norms of behaviour but without imposing ethical values to the people. 
  • Moral limits not to be overcome by decisions adopted by the majority. 
  • Personal freedom within the Rule of Law. 

• Chapter 2 - Bioethics, ethical pluralism, cultural diversity and gender.

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• What is described here: To achieve a minimum consensus to discuss the people's conflicts with different ethical positions.  

  Bioethics.

• Anglosaxon Bioethics Beauchamp and Childress principles:

  • Autonomy. 
  • Non-maleficence. 
  • Beneficence. 
  • Justice.

• Describe French Bioethics:

  Solidarity with the vulnerable, justice and human dignity.

• Describe Nordic Bioethics:

  Focus on social provision and community cohesion.