Acute Phase Response

4 important questions on Acute Phase Response

What is acute phase response?

It is the clinical consequence of SIRS and sepsis, the body goes through systemic changes in physiologic processes during severe systemic inflammation

What is the difference between sepsis and acute phase response?

Despite the overlap, sepsis is more referred by clinicians and acute phase response is more referred by physiologists

What are the functions of acute phase proteins?

1. Control of pathogens
    • Bacterial binding proteins: complement C3, LPS-BP, CRP, Mannan-BP
    • Binds hemoglobin: haptoglobin
    • Metal scavenging: ceruloplasmin
2. Quell/dampen inflammation
    • Reduce leukocyte activation: C-reactive protein
    • Cytokine scavengers: a2-macroglobulin

3. Minimize tissue damage
    • Antioxidant: haptoglobin
    • Neutralize leukocyte proteases: a1-antitrypsin, serine protease inhibitors
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How is SIRS and Acute Phase Response useful in diagnosis?

They are markers of internal, hidden yet non-specific inflammation.

You can measure Acute Phase Response proteins in serum/plasma to determine severity, infection, and injury in the body.

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