The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Expanding Horizons - Intra-City Conflicts

5 important questions on The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Expanding Horizons - Intra-City Conflicts

What did Flemish cities depend on?

Flemish cities depended on a large working class to manufacture woolen textiles.

What happened at the battle of Courtrai?

  • When, in the early 1270s, England, the chief supplier of raw wool, slapped a trade embargo on Flanders, discontented laborers, now out of work, went on strike to demand a role in town government.
  • While most of these rebellions resulted in few changes, workers had better luck early in the next century, when the king of France and the count of Flanders went to war.
  • The workers (who supported the count) defeated the French forces at the battle of Courtrai in 1302.

Which parties were active in the northern Italian cities?

Population growth and urban rebellion beset on the northern Italian cities, which were torn by factions that fought under the party banners of the Guelfs (papal supporters) or the Ghibellines (imperial supporters).
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What did Alberto Scotti do?

In 1290, he took over Piacenza, gaining the grand title of "defender and rector of the commune and the society of merchants and craft guilds and of all the popolo." He was a lord, a signore (signori).

What evolution followed from the end of imperial rule in Italy?

  • An evolution - from commune to the rule of the popolo and then to the hegemony of a signore - took place in cities throughout northern Italy and in much of Tuscany.
  • It was as if the end of imperial rule in Italy, marked by the fall of Frederick II, ironically brought in its train the creation of local monarchs - the signori - who maintained order at the price of recession. 

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