New Movements to Match the Times - New Horizons - Voyages

6 important questions on New Movements to Match the Times - New Horizons - Voyages

Who came with the initiative to go further? What were the enticements?

In the fifteenth century, the initiative to go further came from the Portuguese royal house. The enticements were gold and slaves as well as honor and glory.

What goals did these voyages have?

Such voyages had goals beyond trade and adventure. They were the prelude to colonization.

What did the Azores and Madeira do?

  • Already in the 1440s, Joao's son Henrique (known as Henry "the Navigator") was portioning out the uninhabited islands of Madeira and the Azores to those of his followers who promised to find peasants to settle them.
  • The Azores produced grain, but, with financing by the Genoese, Madeira began to grow cane sugar. 
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What happened at Cape Verde?

  • Demand was so high that some decades later, when few Europeans settlers could be found to work sugar plantations on the Cape Verde Islands, the Genoese Antonio da Noli, discoverer and governor of the islands, brought in Black Africans as slaves instead.
  • Cape Verde was a microcosm of later European colonialism, which depended on just such forced labor. 

What was behind the determination of Ferdinand and Isabella to conquer the Canary Islands?

  • Portugal's successes and pretensions roused the hostility and rivalry of Castile. Ferdinand and Isabella's determination to conquer the Canary Islands was in part their "answer" to Portugal's Cape Verde.
  • When, in 1492, they half-heartedly sponsored the Genoese Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) on a westward voyage across the Atlantic, they were trying to best Portugal at its own game. 

Which group confronted the Old World?

The conquistadores. Spaniard Hernán Cortés (1485-1547) conquered the Aztecs in Mexico.

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