An Empire in Spite of Itself - The Carolingians - Charlemagne's Heirs
10 important questions on An Empire in Spite of Itself - The Carolingians - Charlemagne's Heirs
Who of Charlemagne's sons remained alive?
What was Louis the Pouis' territory like?
What did Louis had to contend with?
- Louis had to content with the revolts of his sons, the depredations of outside invaders, the regional interests of counts and bishops, and above all an enormous variety of languages, laws, customs, and traditions, all of which tended to pull his empire apart.
- He contented with gusto, his chief unifying tool being Christianity.
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What was the imperial model of Louis the Pious?
- His imperial model was Theodosius I, who had made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire.
- Calling on the help of the monastic reformer Benedict of Aniane (d.821), Louis imposed the Benedictine Rule on all the monasteries in Francia.
- He employed monks and abbots as his chief advisors. Organizing inquests by the missi, Louis looked into allegations of exploitation of the poor, standardized the procedures of his chancery, and put all Frankish bishops and monasteries under his control.
How did Louis include his family into politics?
Who is Judith? Who is her son?
- When Louis's first wife died, he married Judith, daughter of a relatively obscure kindred (the Welfs) that stemmed from the Saxon and Bavarian nobility and would later become enormously powerful.
- In 823 Judith and Louis had a son, Charles (later "the Bald"), and this upset the earlier division of the Empire.
What did the episode of Louis show?
What happened after Louis's death?
What contributed to the breakup of the Carolingian Empire?
- Dynastic problems contributed to it. So did invasions by outsiders - Vikings, Muslims, and, starting in 899, Magyars (Hungarians) - which harassed the Frankish Kingdoms throughout the ninth century.
- These certainly weakened the kings: without a standing army, they were unable to respond to lightning raids, and what regional defense there was fell into the hands of local leaders such as counts.
How did the Carolingian Empire atomize?
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