The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Xenophobia - Sexualities

7 important questions on The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Xenophobia - Sexualities

What was sexual intercourse except that between a husband and wife considered to be?

Sexual intercourse except that between a husband and wife was considered sinful, and, even in marriage, it was hedged about with many prohibitions.

What did Justinian think about deviance?

Various laws of Justinian railed against deviance, warning that it stirred up God's wrath not just against the perpetrators but also the community at large - in the form of floods, plagues, and famines.

What was expected from priests during the Gregorian reform?

  • During the Gregorian reform, priests were strictly barred from marrying, and their chastity was touted as the foundation of their power and virtue.
  • Priestly "sexuality" was unthinkable; lay sexuality other than for the narrow purpose of procreation within the confines of marriage was condemned.
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How did people outside the Church think about sex?

Plenty of medieval people celebrated and enjoyed a variety of sexual practices.

What did troubadours think of sex?

  • Medieval troubadours sang of the kisses they stole from their ladies; Lancelot was frankly in love with the wife of King Arthur, and his and Guinevere's joyful love-making was the delight of the courtly audiences that heard about it in oral performances or read about it in books.
  • The troubadour Tribolet played with pronouns, making the "one he loves" masculine rather than feminine.

What did Dyan Elliott find out?

Perhaps many people who crossed sexual boundaries escaped punishment. Although the Church solemnly condemned clerical sexual activity of any sort, Dyan Elliott has recently called attention to many instances when priests, bishops, and other churchmen sexually abused the boys in their care yet were protected by a clerical cloak of secrecy.

What is the story of Rolandina Roncaglia?

  • Rolandina Roncaglia was born with male genitals, but she nevertheless passed for years as a woman and practiced prostitution with men.
  • The judges refused to accept her gender change and sentenced her to be burned to death as a man, Rolandino, for "sodomitic sin."

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