The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Expanding Horizons - Winners and Losers in the Profit Economy

6 important questions on The Elasticity and Rigidity of Europe - Expanding Horizons - Winners and Losers in the Profit Economy

How did Byzantine go about the new economic opportunities?

  • Even after the Byzantines reconquered Constantinople in 1261, they benefited little from the new economic opportunities.
  • Instead, Venice and Genoa retained their special privileges in Byzantine cities and monopolized most of the trade that passed through their ports.

Which first ships plied the ocean?

The first ships to ply the ocean were the galleys of Genoese entrepreneurs, which left the Mediterranean via the Strait of Gibraltar, stopped to trade at various ports along the Spanish coast, and then made their way north to England and northern France.

What shift was beginning in Europe?

On the western coast of Europe, a hemispheric shift was beginning, as the waters of the Atlantic became familiar to navigators.
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Who formed the Hanseatic League?

  • Built on the back of the Northern Crusades, the Hanseatic League was formed by German merchants, who, following in the wake of Christian knights, hoped to prosper in cities such as Danzig (today Gdansk in Poland), Riga, and Reval (today Tallinn, in Estonia).
  • The city of Lubeck, founded by the duke of Saxony, formed the Hansa's center.

What was being traded in the north?

There was little glamor. Pitch, tar, lumber, furs, herring: these were the stuff of northern commerce.

What were dramatic developments in Europe?

  • The opening of the Atlantic and the commercial unification of the Baltic were dramatic developments.
  • By 1200 almost all the cities of pre-industrial Europe were in existence. By 1300 they were connected by a web of roads that brought even small towns of a few thousand inhabitants into wider networks of trade. 

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