Read the summary and the most important questions on Chemistry and Biochemistry

• 2 Participation plus questions

• 2.7.1 Key concept: valence shell, octet rule, atom/compound stability

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• When a carbon atom is part of an organic compound, how full is its valence (outer) shell?

  Carbon's valence (outer) shell contains 4 paired electrons as to achieve stability, each carbon atom must form 4 chemical bonds to fill its valence electron shell

• 4 Exam preparation

• 4.1 The role of enzymes in a chemical reaction

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• iv) Explain the induced fit model of enzyme action by stating whether structural changes are required in the enzyme in order to bind the substrate.

  The E slightly changes its shape of its AS to accommodate  the binding of a specific S to begin the CR

• 4.2 Enzyme inhibitors

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• i) How does a competitive inhibitor bind to the enzyme’s active site?

  The CI has a complementary shape to the AS

• i) Why does a competitive inhibitor bind to the enzyme’s active site?

  To prevent the SBSTR from binding to the AS, which is done by the CI itself occupying the AS

• iv) How does the non-competitive inhibitor change the shape of the active site?

  By inducing C change within the P, which occurs after the non-CI binds to the E’s RB site.

• iv) What does the change in shape of the enzyme’s active site mean?

  The SBSTR no longer binds to the AS, which prevents the CR from occurring

• v) Where does a un-competitive inhibitor bind in order to prevent the substrate from binding to the enzyme’s active site?

  The un-CI binds to the E’s AS site via a permanent covalent bond

• (v) What happens once the un-competitive inhibitor is bound to the enzyme’s active site?

  The un-CI blocks the SBSTR from binding to the AS

• vi) How does the un-competitive inhibitor change the shape of the active site?

  The un-CI itself becomes permanently bound into part of the AS

• (vi) What affect does the un-competitive inhibitor have on the function of the enzyme?

  The SBSTR cannot bind into the E's AS, which prevents the CR from occurring.