Gut brain axis: the brain side - How the gut microbiota influence human brain functioning via > gut-brain pathways
8 important questions on Gut brain axis: the brain side - How the gut microbiota influence human brain functioning via > gut-brain pathways
What is the gut-microbiota-brain axis and through which routes/pathways
does it work?
immune route ( cytokines
neural (vagal) route ( gut bacteria such as lactobacillus and bifidobacterium)
metabolite route (SCFAs, neurotransmitters
What is the possible mechanism behind probiotics affecting cognitive control?
What is the purpose of the Color-Word Stroop task in measuring cognitive control?
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What are 3 ways in which acute stress paradigms shows up in humans?
-disrupting the intenstinal barrier
-increase levels of inflammation markers
-reduce cognitive control - i.e., working memory - performance
How is the gut microbiome modulated via prebiotics?
-these effects might be mediated by increased production of SCFAs
-anti-inflammatory microbial metabolites produced from fibres that protect the intestinal barrier
What are 4 different gut supplement and their definitions?
-prebiotics = food components for (beneficial) microbes
-probiotics = viable microbes
-postbiotics = unviable microbes & metabolites
-synbiotics = combination pro & prebiotics
What are 4 interventions for modulation the gut microbiome?
-lifestyle (nutrition, physical activity, sleep, stress)
-medication (antibiotics, NSAIDS)
-gut supplements (prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics)
-fecal microbial transplantation (FMT)
What are 4 positive effects of SCFAs in the brain and what are 2 positive effects of SCFAs in the gut?
-increased neurotransmitter functioning
-increased BBB integrity
-decreased inflammation
-increased neuroprotection
The 2 SCFAs in gut:
-reduce inflammation
-increases barrier integrity
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